Arthroplastic and osteosynthetic infectious due to propionibacterium acnes. Propionibacterium acnes has become increasingly recognized as an important pathogen not only in acne, 3,11,21 but in medicaldevice, 2 dental, 6 ocular, 20 and neurosurgical infections, 10 and also has been linked to synovitisacnepustulosishyperostosisosteitis sapho syndrome 14 and even sarcoidosis. Propionibacterium acnes remains a rare cause of infective endocarditis ie. Dec 11, 2018 acne vulgaris is the most common dermatological disorder worldwide. Propionibacterium acnes infections after cranial neurosurgery. Small crispr rnas guide antiviral defense in prokaryotes. Propionibacterium acnes is the predominant member in the skin areas of back, face and chest. Propionibacterium an overview sciencedirect topics. Propionibacterium acnes endophthalmitis george papaliodis, m. Propionibacterium acnes is an aerotolerant anaerobic, grampositive bacterium residing in the sebaceous glands of the skin, obtaining energy from fatty acids within the sebum.
The complete genome sequence of propionibacterium acnes, a commensal of human skin. It plays important roles in maintaining skin health, but it has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases and infections, including sarcoidosis, sapho synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome, endodontic lesions, eye infections, prosthetic joint infections. Intraarticular biopsies may have a high false positive due to skin contamination. Propionibacterium acnes brain abscess appearing 10 years. Prolonged aerobic and anaerobic agar cultures for 14 days and broth cultures increase the detection rate. Propionibacterium species are pleomorphic, occasionally branching bacilli that are normal flora of the skin, conjunctiva, external ear canal, 1 and exposed mucous membranes. While many antimicrobial agents have been used in clinic to treat acne infection by targeting p. A clean wound classification was an independent predictor of decreased risk for propionibacterium infection or, 0. Propionibacterium acnes is a major commensal bacterium residing on human skin. The management of the shoulder skin microbiome cutibacterium. It was revealed that infections with strains p6 and pa2 led to induction of inflammationrelated genes in a cell line model and longterm chronic inflammation in a mouse prostate model, respectively. The clinical presentation is usually insidious and nonspecific, but a p. Cutibacterium acnes c acnes is a mysterious member of the shoulder microbiome and. Propionibacterium acnes is a commensal grampositive anaerobe, marketed for use in horses as a killed preparation under the trade name eqstim neogen, lexington, ky for treatment of equine respiratory disease.
Editorial propionibacterium acnes in human health and disease. Although primarily recognized for its role in acne, p. The role of propionibacterium acnes in acne and in a wide range of inflammatory diseases is well established. Propionibacterium acnes isolates associated with invasive prosthetic infections have been shown to have stronger biofilm formation capability than isolates from healthy skin. Apr 03, 2017 background in previous studies, propionibacterium acnes was cultured from intervertebral disc tissue of 25% of patients undergoing microdiscectomy, suggesting a possible link between chronic bacterial infection and disc degeneration.
It is recommended for use prophylactically before weaning, transport stress, or comingling, or for the therapy. Infection beyond the skin propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive bacterium that forms part of the. The initial infection caused by propionibacterium acnes occurred 3 weeks after a subacromial corticosteroid injection was given for impingement symptoms. P acnes is a slowgrowing grampositive anaerobic bacillus found in normal skin flora. Rare case of propionibacterium acnesrelated splenic. Propionibacterium acnes causing delayed postoperative spine. The identification of p acnes in an infection may be difficult because of its slow growth, making it an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of postoperative infections before confirmation through culture test. Polymicrobial anaerobic infection with a deep abscess in the. Preoperative culture of unprepared skin can be indicative of underlying joint infection in shoulder arthroplasty revision. Oct 01, 2009 these risk factors were present concomitantly in 30. Burkhart, expanding the microcomedone theory and acne therapeutics.
Pdf antibiotics for eradication of propionibacterium acnes. Most patient isolates are considered contaminants but, in a small subset of patients, particularly in the postneurosurgery setting, the organism can cause significant infections. It has also been frequently isolated from diseased human prostates. Propionibacterium acnes infection beyond the skin pdf. Acne is believed to be induced by multiple factors, including the abundant skin bacterium propionibacterium acnes. Accumulated evidence suggested that this microbe can colonise inside intervertebral discs without causing symptoms of discitis. Propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive bacterium that colonizes various niches of the human body, particularly the sebaceous follicles of the skin. Key requirements for cutaneous propionibacteria, especially p. Propionibacterium acnes biofilm produces biological glue that holds corneocytes together to form plug, journal of the american academy of dermatology, 10. Infection beyond the skin propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive bacterium that forms part of the normal flora of the skin, oral cavity, large. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and management of p. Propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive bacterium that forms part of the normal flora of the skin, oral cavity, large intestine, the conjunctiva and the external ear canal. Its genome has been sequenced and a study has shown several genes can generate enzymes for. Propionibacterium acnes wound contamination at the time of s.
The lysis of propionibacterium acnes infected with bacteriophages, and the. Propionibacterium acnes biofilm is present in intervertebral. Bacteria in planktonic state may lead to infection, and only in this state they may be recognized through culture. Characteristics and treatment outcomes of propionibacterium. Complete genome sequence of a propionibacterium acnes isolate. Strainlevel differences in porphyrin production and. One of the most prevalent skin microorganisms, propionibacterium acnes, possesses hadegrading activity, possibly conferred by the enzyme hyaluronate lyase hyl. Its significance as a pathogen is consequently a matter of debate. Delayed infection should be suspected in patients with pain and a history of spine surgery. Postoperative joint infections due to propionibacterium. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal. Introduction propionibacterium acnes is an anaerobic, grampositive bacterium, comprising a large part of the skin ora of healthy individuals. Propionibacterium acnes and antimicrobial resistance in acne. We present an interesting case of deep neck infection complicated by descending mediastinitis of isolated propionibacterium acnes infection.
Cutibacterium acnes formerly propionibacterium acnes is the relatively slow growing, typically. Propionibacterium acnes is a member of the normal skin microbiota along with propionibacterium avidum, propionibacterium granulosum, and. What is the role of the bacterium propionibacterium acnes in. Propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive bacterium that forms part of the normal flora of the skin, oral cavity, large intestine, the conjunctiva.
Propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive bacterium that is closely associated with various parts of the human body, in particular with sebaceous follicles of the skin. Propionibacterium acnes postoperative shoulder arthritis. It is a common contaminant of clinical specimens, presumably from the skin of patients or attendants. Draft genome sequences of two strains of propionibacterium.
Propionibacterium acnes is a pleomorphic rod belonging to the phylum actinobacteria that forms part of the normal microbiota of the skin, and also of the oral cavity, and gastrointestinal and. It is challenging to diagnose due to the organisms fastidious nature and the indolent presentation of the disease. Prosthetic joint infections and propionibacterium acnes. Polymicrobial anaerobic infection with a deep abscess in. Propionibacterium acnes is the most abundant bacterium on human skin, particularly in sebaceous areas. Pdf antibiotics for eradication of propionibacterium. The species is largely commensal and part of the skin flora present on most healthy.
Propionibacterium acnes is recognized as a causal agent in shoulder infections. Propionibacterium acnes is generally considered to be a commensal organism on human skin and has been implicated in various infections, including acne vulgaris, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and prostate cancer 14. Deciphering the intracellular fate of propionibacterium. Crisprcas loci of type ii propionibacterium acnes confer. These infections have gained more attention due to improved diagnostic procedures, such as sonication of explanted foreign materials and prolonged cultivation time of up to 14 days for. It is a multifactorial disease that involves increased sebum production, hyperkeratinization of the pilosebaceous unit, propionibacterium acnes cutibacterium acnes colonization, and inflammation. Although rare, such infections are present especially after instrumented spine surgery. This information is followed by a synthesis of the most recent cl. Keywords antibiotics, disc degenerative disease, modic changes, p. Cutibacterium acnes formerly propionibacterium acnes is the relatively slowgrowing, typically aerotolerant anaerobic, grampositive bacterium rod linked to the skin condition of acne. Hyaluronic acid ha and other glycosaminoglycans are extracellular matrix components in the human epidermis and dermis. Epidemiological investigation shows that the prevalence ranges from % to 44 %.
The human skin microbiome hosts a wide variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Late implant infections caused by propionibacterium acnes in scoliosis surgery. Deciphering the intracellular fate of propionibacterium acnes. Clinical spectrum of infections due to propionibacterium acnes. Background the relationship between intervertebral disc degeneration and chronic infection by propionibacterium acnes is controversial with. Propionibacterium acnes, anonsporeforming, anaerobic, grampositive bacillus, normally inhabits hair follicles and sebaceous glands ofthe skin 1. Cutibacterium acnes is an intracellular and intraarticular. A subgroup analysis that included only patients with. Propionibacterium acnes infection as an occult cause of. What is the role of the bacterium propionibacterium acnes in type. However as yet, there is little understanding of the relationships and interactions between genes that give rise to an organism, which has major impact on human health and wellbeing as an. In vivo treatment of propionibacterium acnes infection. Table 1 infections where propionibacterium infection predisposing factor reference acnes was found to be the causative agent discitis surgery chia and nakata 1996 and harris et al.
Propionibacterium acnes an overview sciencedirect topics. Propionibacterium acnes osteomyelitis occurring 23 years. Rare case of propionibacterium acnesrelated splenic abscess. Propionibacterium acnes was previously considered a contaminant and its role in spine infection has been understated. Such biofilmassociated isolates have demonstrated increased antimicrobial resistance in vitro 33, 34.
Over the last years a role of this common skin bacterium as an opportunistic pathogen has been explored. However, it can present as an opportunistic pathogen via bacterial seeding to cause invasive infections such as implantassociated infections. Propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive, slowly growing, anaerobic bacillus that commonly colonizes the skin and occasionally causes postoperative wound infections. Propionibacterium acnes mesh descriptor data 2021 mesh. Prevalence of propionibacterium acnes in intervertebral discs of. Propionibacterium acnes recently renamed cutibacterium acnes, is a grampositive, nonsporeforming human skin commensal normal bacteria of the skin that prefers anaerobic growth conditions 1.
Thiazolidinedione derivatives as novel agents against. Discuss prosthetic joint infections and propionibacterium acnes. Propionibacterium acnes is known primarily as a skin commensal. Propionibacterium acnes deep neck infections are very rare. It is unusual as apathogen but may be a contaminant ofbody fluids that require skin puncture for collection. Ekkelenkamp, in management of periprosthetic joint infections pjis, 2017 11. Entry version propionibact acnes abbreviation entry terms. On the skin, this organism colonizes hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Genomewide analysis of propionibacterium acnes gene. Backgroundpropionibacterium acnes is a member of the normal flora of the skin, but it has been implicated in infections in cerebrospinal fluid shunts and spinal instrumentation e. What is the role of the bacterium propionibacterium acnes. Sequencing of the genome of propionibacterium acnes produced a catalogue of genes many of which enable this organism to colonise sites in human skin and survive a range of environmental challenges. Jan 10, 2014 propionibacterium acnes is a grampositive bacterium that forms part of the normal flora of the skin, oral cavity, large intestine, the conjunctiva and the external ear canal. Propionibacterium acnes and its phages lood, rolf lu research.
In vivo treatment of propionibacterium acnes infection with. The skin bacterium propionibacterium acnes employs two. Propionibacterium acnes is a member of the normal skin microbiota along with propionibacterium avidum, propionibacterium granulosum, and propionibacterium. Propionibacterium cutibacterium acnes bacteriophage. Infections after shoulder surgery are potentially devastating complications. Propionibacterium acnes, a grampositive bacillus, is the most common anaerobic microorganism isolated in pji, mainly after shoulder arthroplasty 60. The role of cutibacterium acnes in autoinflammatory bone. It is a common contaminant of cultures obtained percutaneously surgical wound swabs, blood or other body fluids.
1145 1474 1350 1054 44 274 1012 1813 892 410 1571 1574 328 615 596 1515 1666 1864 580 1454 355 1293 512 1338 292 711 219 534 1237 1349 669 1542